Industry standards for transformer monitoring systems

Date: July 4, 2025 08:33:42

There are more industry standards for transformer monitoring systems, covering hot spot temperature monitoring, dissolved gas analysis in oil, neutral DC current monitoring, etc. The following are some common standards:
  • IEEE C57.91 "Load Guidelines for Oil-immersed Transformers and On-Load-Regulating Tap Changers: Is the core standard for oil-immersed transformer load capacity assessment and hot spot temperature calculations, widely used in North America. Provides mathematical models for calculating transformer top oil temperature (TOT) and winding hot spot temperature (HST), includes methods for evaluating the rate of insulation aging, and provides guidelines and limits for operation under normal loads, planned overloads, and short- and long-term emergency overload conditions.
  • IEC 60076-2 "Power transformers Part 2: Temperature rise of liquid-immersed transformers".: Specifies temperature rise limits and temperature rise test methods for liquid-immersed transformers. Clearly defined in the rated load and the specified environmental conditions, the transformer components (such as the average temperature rise of the winding, the top layer of oil temperature rise) of the permissible temperature rise value, by limiting the average temperature rise of the winding to indirectly control the hot spot temperature.
  • IEC 60076-7 "Power transformers Part 7: Guidelines for the loading of oil-immersed power transformers".: Provides a detailed guide to the thermal performance assessment and safe loading of oil-immersed transformers. Two thermal models are introduced to calculate the top oil temperature and winding hot spot temperatures to more accurately reflect the thermal behavior of the transformer under dynamic loading conditions, especially considering the transient "overshoot" phenomenon of hot spot temperatures after load changes.
  • Q/CSG Q/CSG XXXXX.X-2013 Technical specification for transformer neutral point DC online monitoring deviceLtd. of China Southern Power Grid stipulates the scope, terminology, conditions of use, technical requirements, testing, spare parts, marking, packaging, transportation, storage requirements, etc. It applies to the production, testing, use and maintenance of transformer neutral DC online monitoring device for 110kV and above voltage level.
  • DL/T 1498.5-2019 Technical specification for online monitoring device for transformer equipment Part 5: Online monitoring device for transformer core grounding current: Specifies the technical requirements of transformer core ground current online monitoring device, test items and requirements, inspection rules, and marking, packaging, transportation, storage requirements.
  • T/SDES 0001-2023 Technical Specification for Layout and Installation of Transformer Multi-Parameter Comprehensive Monitoring Sensor: The Chinese group standard specifies the general requirements for the layout and installation of transformer multi-parameter integrated monitoring sensors, sensor installation position and quantity, installation process and acceptance, applicable to the installation and testing of multi-parameter integrated monitoring sensors inside oil-immersed power transformers of 110 (66) kV and above voltage levels.
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